Tsurezure-no-san（つれづれの讃） is a book of criticism upon the whole of Tsurezuregusa（徒然草）. The author Kagami Shiko（各務支考、1665～1731）wrote its postscript in 1711, this fact suggesting its date of publication. Shiko was a disciple of Matsuo Basho（松尾芭蕉） and is counted as one of Shomon Jittetsu（蕉門十哲、Ten Eminent Disciples of Matsuo Basho）. He published posthumous writings of Basho and wrote a number of books about haikai theory（俳論書） from his own viewpoints.
Shiko’s Tsurezure-no-san has been hitherto treated as a commentary upon Tsurezuregusa by students of the history of Japanese literature. However, it is not an ordinary type of commentary which explains names of persons and places, difficult words and historical incidents seen in the text. Shiko divides Tsurezuregusa into what he thinks as definite blocks, according to his own standards of criticicism.
This monograph intends to verify whether Shiko’s critical method works effectively in reading Tsurezuregusa or
not. Firstly, we will consider the effectiveness of his dividing Tsurezuregusa into forty-nine blocks. Secondly, we will
verify the significance of his use of thirteen terms such as satire（諷詞）, praise and censure（褒貶）, break（断絶）,
truth and falsehood（虚実）, change（変化） etc. in his comments on Tsurezuregusa.
After that we will discuss the great contribution of his new way of reading Tsurezuregusa to the literary activities of Shiko himself ; that is, writing of a lot of books about haikai theory（俳論） and compilation of several selections of haikai prose（俳文撰集）.
Shiko found a possibility of consummate art of short prose in the style and expressions of Tsurezuregusa. That is why he studied it closely and found a way of reading it following the change and development of its author’s thought.
It could be presumed that Shiko expanded this attitude into a method of dealing haikai（俳諧）, which clearly classified the way of development in linking lines of renkus（付け合い）. Thus selections of haikai prose such as Honcho Bunkan（本朝文鑑、1718）and Wakan Bunsou（和漢文操、1727）were compiled by him. We can say Tsurezuregusa played a great part in the world of Shiko’s literature.
各務支考『つれづれの讃』にみる『徒然草』の新しい読み方
39_09
(1.49MB)
