{"created":"2023-06-20T15:28:49.104317+00:00","id":8354,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"ebb39f22-a131-477d-944d-d7eb7d52aae7"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"8354","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"8354"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ouj.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008354","sets":["470:394:542"]},"author_link":["10578","10583","10585","10582","10584","10581"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2015-03-20","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"79","bibliographicPageStart":"69","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"32","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"放送大学研究年報 = Journal of The Open University of Japan"}]}]},"item_10002_description_12":{"attribute_name":"論文ID（NAID）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"40020473114","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"　インドのラダーク地方において、チャンタン高原（標高4200-4900m）の遊牧民、都市レー（標高3600m）の住民、\n及び農牧地域のドムカル谷（標高3000-3800m）の農民・農牧民を対象に医学調査を行なった。その結果、①生活習\n慣病（糖尿病、高血圧など）が都市でより多く発症していること、②標高が高いほど高血糖の率が高いこと、③高カ\nロリー食・高ヘモグロビンの群に高血糖の率が高いだけでなく、低カロリー食・低ヘモグロビンの群においても高血\n糖が多い、などが明らかになった。①についてはエピジェネティックスや節約遺伝子の考え方によってある程度説明\nできる。しかし、②や③については説明がつかない。そこには、高所における低酸素への適応が作用しているからで\nある。\n　Beallによれば、高所への遺伝的適応の方式として、チベットの住民は、肺活量を大きくし、低酸素に対する呼吸\n応答を調節し、血管を拡張して多くの血液を体に流す「血流増加方式」をとっており、アンデスの住民は、「ヘモグ\nロビン増加方式」をとってきた。\n　私たちの健診の結果、Beall仮説を指示する結果がでた一方、高齢者の場合、都市レーや生活スタイルが変化しは\nじめたドムカルで、多血症（高ヘモグロビン）が多くみられるという、Beall仮説に矛盾する結果がでた。また、多\n血症と糖尿病の相関が認められた。\n　そこで、その原因を究明した。その結果、高所における酸化ストレスの実態、低酸素と酸化ストレスの関係、酸化\nストレスと糖尿病の強い関連がわかってきた。チベット系住民は、NO増加による血管拡張と血流増加によって、低\n酸素に対する有利な適応をしてきた。ところが、高齢とともに、生活スタイルの急激な変化によって適応バランスが\n崩れると、多血症や高脂血症を発症して体内低酸素を生じ、その結果、NOの過剰な増加等により酸化ストレスが高\nまり、かえって糖尿病や老化を促進する。糖尿病と酸化ストレスは相互に影響しあい、症状は重篤化するのである。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"放送大学"}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN10019636","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0911-4505","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_textarea_25":{"attribute_name":"抄録（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_textarea_language":"en","subitem_textarea_value":"　A medical survey was conducted in 3 settings in Ladakh, India to reveal the health status of the people dwelling\nin the central town, Leh （3600m ASL）, nomads in the Changthang plateau （4200-4900m ASL）, and farmers in the\nDomkhar valley （3000-3800 ASL）. As a result, we found；1） a higher prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases such\nas diabetes and hypertension in the urbanized towns, 2） a correlation between higher altitude and higher blood sugar\nlevels, 3） a prevalence of diabetes among both the people who had higher energy intake and higher hemoglobin levels,\nand among the people who had lower energy intake and lower hemoglobin levels. Finding 1） might be explained by\nepigenetics and the Thrifty gene, but no simple explanation exists for findings 2） and 3）. The long lasting process of\nadaptation to the low oxygen environment might play a role.\n　According to Beallʼs studies, Tibetans have adapted to the low oxygen levels via a “blood flow increase” mechanism\ncaused by vasodilation, which increases pulmonary vital capacity and adjusts respiratory response. Meanwhile, Andeans had adapted to the low oxygen levels via a “hemoglobin increase” mecanism.\n　Some of our findings echo Beallʼs hypotheses. However, polycythemia （high hemoglobin level） was observed\neven in the case of the elderly people in Leh and Domkhar where the lifestyle has come to change. This phenomena\ncontradicts Beallʼs hypotheses.\n　Our study has investigated into the cause of the discrepancy. As a result, we attempt to elucidate actual situation\nof oxidative stress in highlanders and its relation to the low oxygen, and also the association between oxidative stress\nand diabetes. We hypothesize that the Tibetan highlanders had adapted to the low oxygen by increasing blood flow\nand vasodilation by increasing nitrogen levels. However with aging, they lose their adaptation balance. Combined\nwith the drastic changes in lifestyle and appearance of obesity, the excessive nitrogen works to increase the oxidative\nstress. This effect might accelerate the occurrence of diabetes. Diabetes and oxidative stress tend to affect each other\nand worsen symptoms."}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"奥宮, 清人"},{"creatorName":"オクミヤ, キヨヒト","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10581","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"稲村, 哲也"},{"creatorName":"イナムラ, テツヤ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10578","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"},{"nameIdentifier":"1000000203208","nameIdentifierScheme":"NRID","nameIdentifierURI":" "}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"木村, 友美"},{"creatorName":"キムラ, ユミ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10582","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Okumiya, Kiyohito","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10583","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Inamura, Tetsuya","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10584","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"},{"nameIdentifier":"1000000203208","nameIdentifierScheme":"NRID","nameIdentifierURI":" "}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kimura, Yumi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"10585","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2015-10-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"32_05.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"600.3 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"ヒマラヤ・ラダーク地方における高所適応とその変容（2）生活習慣病を中心に","url":"https://ouj.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/8354/files/32_05.pdf"},"version_id":"e93ac69f-642c-4565-84e2-ee0d295f4bad"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"ヒマラヤ・ラダーク地方における高所適応とその変容 (2) 生活習慣病を中心に","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ヒマラヤ・ラダーク地方における高所適応とその変容 (2) 生活習慣病を中心に"},{"subitem_title":"Adaptation to the highland and its changes in Ladakh, the Himalayas (2) focusing on lifestyle-related disease","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"12","path":["542"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2015-10-20"},"publish_date":"2015-10-20","publish_status":"0","recid":"8354","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ヒマラヤ・ラダーク地方における高所適応とその変容 (2) 生活習慣病を中心に"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-12-19T06:57:49.182927+00:00"}